Improvement in fire-pots for stoves and furnaces



and tittt und (that,

Letters Patent No. 113,549, dated April 11, 1871.

IMPROVEMENT IN FIRE-PO'fS FOR STOVES AND FURNACES.

The Schedule referred to in these Lettera Patent and making part of the same.

To all to whom these presents shall come:

Be it known that I, EDWARD MINGAY, of Boston, in the county of Sutl'olk and State of Massachusetts, have made an invention of certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces; and do hereby declare' the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, due reference being had to the accompanying drawing making part of this specification, and in which- Figure 1 is a plan Figure 2, a vertical and longitudinal section:

Figure 3, a vertical and transverse section and Figure 4, a horizontal section of the lire-pot or furnace of a stove provided with my improvements.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of one of the lirehrieks which, under my invention, constitute in aggregate the lining of the furnace. t

lhe object of this invent-ion is to providoau effective and ready means ot' admitting oxygen to the iuterior of a fire-pot or furnace to aerate the gaseous products of combustion contained therein, in order that such products may be more perfectly consumed, with a resulting advantage of economy of fuel; and

'lo this end the invention herein embodied con sists in disposing within the said furnace, and about its interior walls, a corrugated, undulating, or iluted lining of cast-iron, into the inner larger recesses of which thc fire-bricks are inserted, the smaller or outer recesses serving as air-ducts through which oxygen passes in its transit to the furnace, the fire-bricks being formed at rear with air-channels which coincidev with apertures formed in the bottom of the iron lining, and inl conjunction with which they constitute passages ibradmittance of oxygen to the top of the furnace, as hereinafter stated, the tops of the firehricks being covered with iron plates which eontine them in their proper position, these plates in turn being united by a loose joint, which, while allowing of the inevitable expansion and contraction, insures their proper position.

The accompanying drawing represents at-- A the iront portion of a cooking-stove, or that which constitutes thc tire-place or furnace; the inner horizontal circiunscrihing ledge or base which supports the lining, and which, in conjunction with the grate, constitutes the bottom of said furnace., 4heilig shown at l5.

C, in the above-mentioned drawing, represents a lining formed in corrngations or V-shaped hollow npright spurs, l) 1), &c., arranged at regular intervals asundcr, the lower ends of which are united bya sloping shelf or bottom, E, of a width about equal to that ot' the base l, the recesses a intervening between. the spurs being for reception of the fire-bricks F F, &c., which are deposited within them, the extreme lower end of each brick being inserted within an oritice, G, 4created in the shelf, by which means the lower end of the bric-k is securely retained in place. l,

The iron lining C is composed of four sections, one to each side and end of the furnace, and each hollow spin- D is perforated with a series of air-ducts, a a, 85o., by means ofnvhich oxygen from the rear side of the lining passes to the interior of the furnace, the sloping bottoinof the lining being elevated somewhat above the base B in order to permit of free circulation of oxygen between it and the walls of the furnace.

The supply of oxygen may be admitted at various points, but I prefer to place the air-inlets for this purpose at the front of the stove, as shown at b b, 85o., in the accompanying drawing, and I provide these openings with a gate or register, c, in order to regulate the amount of oxygen passing through them.

In addition to the critico G, formed in the lining at the bottom of each brick recess, l form in each recess anothcr orifice or air-inlet, d, which isdisposed outside of the former, and preferably at vthe angle formed by thejunction of thc side and bottom of the lining, this air-inlet coinciding with a vertical channel, e, formed in the back of each fire-brick, while this channel e is continued across the top of each briclt.

The lining, or each section thereof, is covered by a thin cap plate of iron, composed of four sections, ff fj, the corners of which arc mite'red and united by a loose teuon and socket joint, as shown in lig. l, in older to adapt them to the expansion and contraction to which they are necessarily subjected by the action of the fire., the said cap plate serving to coune the upper ends of the lire-brick securely in place.

Each cap-plate section should be provided with a surrounding outer wall that .ashes from the lire may settle and accumulate thereupon, in order that heat from the incandescent fuel in the furnace shall not injure them.

'Each tire-brick may be pierced with a centra-l vertical range of air-ports, g g, 86e., by which air entering the channels e is discharged upon or over the fuel in the furnace.

My purpose in interposing between each lrcbrick or stone a' narrow partition of iron, 'as exhibited in the hollow spurs` D, is partly to support them, the bricks, in proper position and protect their edges, but mainly to produce a small radiating surface whereby not only to impart `heat to the front wall of the oven, but to heat the air passing through the air-ducts a a, Sac., before it is discharged upon the fire, for were it permitted to impinge upon such tire while at a low temperature it would defeat, to a certain degree, the objects of the invention, since a comparatively small .amount would tend to lower the temperature of the v `nrick, and also mingling lwith the nucousumed gases ot' the fire.

lt will be seen that'by arrangements of .parts I am enabled to introduce and commingle with the gaseous products ot' combustion from the fuel in 'the furnace a very large amount of oxygen in a warm state, and to perfect-l y control and regulate this admission of oxygen by means ofthe register c.

@ne advantageof my arrangement of the lining and tirebrick is, that no large lsurface of iron is exposed to the direct action of the fire, while the peculiar formation of the lining, with its irregular or corrugated surface, is such that expansion and contraction may take place without injury.

Another advantage of this last-named arrangement is, that should the register c become entirely closed, and the supply of oxygen shut off, 'as wouldi'requently be the case by the carelessness ot' servants, the lining would not be injured, as the bricks protect it.

(Heime.

1. The metallic lining when constructed with hol- -low perlbrated spurs or partitions walls, D, between the spaces occupied bythe tire-bricks7 as herein shown and set forth.

2. lln combination with a metallic liningcoustructed as specified, and provided with recesses G and air-inlets d, the fire-bricks fitting in the said lining and recesses G and providedy with air-channels or ducts con'imunicating with said inlets d, under the arrangement shown and described.

3. l'u combination with the metallic lining and firebricks, constructed and arranged as specified in the preceding clause, the cap plates f applied to said lining and bricks, and joined together substantially iu the manner shown and set forth.

4. rEhe construction ofthe cap plates f, as provided witha hanging lip for retaining in place the upper ends of the tire-bricks F5 of an inclosing ledge for compelling the deposit of ashes upon 'their upper suri'aces of' an air-port to permit oxygen to pass to the tire; and lastly, of tenon-aml-soeket connect-ions at their mitered corners, all substantially in manner and operating as explained.

"Witnesses: EDWARD MINGAY.

FRED. CURTIS, EDW. GRIFFITH. 

